lithium-ion battery construction and working pdf

 

Lithium-ion Battery Working

The rechargeable lithium-ion battery is made of one or more power-generating compartments called cells. Each cell has essentially three components.- positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte.

A positive electrode connects to the battery's positive or + terminal. A negative electrode connects to the negative or − terminal. And a chemical called an electrolyte in between them.

The positive electrode is typically made from a chemical compound called lithium-cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) or lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4). The negative electrode is generally made from carbon (graphite). The electrolyte varies from one type of battery to another.

Advantages of Lithium-ion Battery

Now a days Lithium-ion batteries are popular because they have a number of important advantages over competing technologies:

• Generally, they are much lighter than other types of rechargeable batteries of the same size. 
• They hold their charge. A lithium-ion battery pack loses only about 5 percent of its charge per month.
• High specific energy and high load capabilities with Power Cells
• Long cycle and extend shelf-life; maintenance-free.  They can handle hundreds of charge/discharge cycles.
• High capacity, low internal resistance, good coulombic efficiency
• Simple charge algorithm and reasonably short charge times
• Low self-discharge (less than half that of NiCd and NiMH)